Internal-combustion engine



Oct. 8, 1929. E. R. BURTNE-TT 1,731,229

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 24, 1927' 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Oct. 8, 1929. E. R. BURTNEYTT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 24, 1927 5 W k i a a I E i F i I flIII/IIIIIIIIIIII/ 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Patented Oct. 8, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT orrice EVERETT R. BURTNETT, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE AUTO- MOTIVE VALVES CORPORATION, OF RENO, NEVADA, A CORPORATION OF NEVADA INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed January 24, 1927. Serial No. 163,109.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, and particularly to two stroke cycle internal combustion engines wherein poppet type valves are employed as valvular means of controlling the admission of fresh fuel charge to the combustion chamber.

The principal object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion engine wherein a combustion function may be developed Within a cylinder by each two stroke cycle of the associated parts, providing a plurality of inlet ports valved with poppet type valves arranged in a manner permitting the construction of the compression clearance chamber to the cylinder of a form which will accomplish fresh charge localization and relatively little wall area contacting the compressed charge and housing a multiple of inlet valves a a compartment to the stroke sweep chamber of a pistonreciprocatorily arranged within a cylinder.

A further object of my invention, is to provide exhaust ports through the wall of the cylinder to be valved by the working piston in relative time with the opening of the multiple of inlet poppet valves and corollative therewith in providing means of developing a scavenging function of the residual gases of the compression clearance and' piston sweep chamber of the combustion chamber.

The principal object of the specific arrangement of the poppet type valves adapted to the inlet port controlfunction being to obtain the greatest possible inlet'port area comparative with a given piston sweep displacement with the construction of the inlet ports entirely at the remote end of a comparatively isolated compression clearance chamber relatively with the piston stroke sweep. displacement chamber of the cylinder.

Providing thereby, efficient scavenging andcombustion wlth regularity of firing when.

the engine is operated at light load.

iVith the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts that will be hereinafter more fully described and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 1s a vertlcal cross section taken through the center of the combustion cylinder and valve chamber of my improved en'- gine, the cutting line being taken on the stepped line as indicated by line 11 of Fig. 4, showing in section the combustion cylinder and piston therein and of one pair of actuatively opposed inlet valves.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken on line 33 of Fig. 1. I

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken on line 44 of Fig. 1.

Referring by numerals to the accompanyin g drawings, which illustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, 10 designates the combustion cylinder and 11, the power piston arranged for reciprocatory movement within the combustion cylinder.

A cylinder head 12 is preferably arranged as a detachable member inclosing the combustion cylinder at the head end and providing a construction area laterally to one side of the combustion cylinder with respect to the axis of the said cylinder.

Within the boundaries of thecylinder head is formed a compression clearance chamber 13, the wall of the said compression clearance chamber is shaped to provide a side pocket to the clearance chamber, in the upper and lower or headward and crankward sides of which is formed, one or more inlet ports ll through each, the headward vwall and the crankward wall of the said pocket, and fresh charge passage duct 15, which duct extends from a point exterior of the engine construction to the inlet ports 14, any suitable means of fuel charge supply may be attached to the exterior end of this passage duct as may be desired.

The inlet ports are preferably formed in tandem relatively with respect to a line central of the inlet port openings at right angles with and at'the point of intersection with the lateral form of the chamber constituting the side pocket to the compression clearance space. I

Inlet poppet type valves 16 are adapted to' seat in. movement, outwardly from the comcontour of the cam lobe of the cam shaft, operating in opening and closing period of the very limited term allowed in two stroke cycle engine operation, the cams are preferably arranged for direct association with the valves, to impart a given mechanical movement to the said valves with as little wear,

noise and stress to the actuating parts associated therewith from reciprocatory inertia developed in speed proportionate to the valve size and weight.

It will be understood that other suitable valve actuating means may be substituted for the specific construction shown without departing from the spirit of the invention. which in substance is to provide inlet poppet type valves arranged to be opened synchronously inwardly into a compression clearance chamber of a cylinder, and arranged to occupy positions respectively in oppositely disposed pairs coaxially tandem in position, coaxially tandem in movement, and synchronously opposite in direction of movement to provide a given valvular function.

A crankshaft 19 is suitably journalled within the crank case 20, which crank case surmounts the cylinder 10.

A crank 21 is formed on the crank shaft to which the piston 11 is connected by means of a connecting rod 22.

A driving connection as designated by 23 is provided to provide successive rotation of the two cam shafts in timed order with rotation of the crank shaft 19, any suitable drive means as desired may be provided to the construction to provide a like rotative drive.

Exhaust ports 24: are formed through the Wall of the cylinder for the release of the spent products of combustion from the combustion chamber.

An ignition device 25 is screwed into the threaded aperture 26, preferably located as close to the inlet ports aspossible.

The operation of my improved engine is as follows:

Assuming the parts to be in the position as illustrated, the power piston 11 in the position of crank end dead center, the exhaust ports 2 1 are open, the inlet valves 16 are held off their respective valve seats by the cam lobes of the cam shafts 17 and 18, fresh charge is being admitted through the passage duct 15, through the inlet portsll, entering the clearance chamber 13 at the remote corner from the exhaust ports 2 1, the fresh charge scavenging the clearance chamber and the piston stroke sweep chamber of the cylinder of residual products of combustion by the exit of the residual gases through the said exhaust ports.

Shortly after the piston 11 moves headwardly, departing from the position of crank end center, thepiston will cross the plane of the headward edge of the exhaust ports 24:

and cut olf communication between the said.

ports and the combustion chamber, substantially simultaneously with the exhaust cut-off the cam lobes of the cam shafts 17 an( 1.8 revolve to a point, carrying the cam lobes out of engagement with the inlet poppet valves and the said valves are permitted to return to their respective seats, actuated in return movement by soring pressure of the springs associated with their construction, cutting off inlet port registration with the combustion chamber.

Further movement of the piston 11 headwardly develops compression of rthe charge within the cylinder and clearance chamber. Obviously as the compression function progresses, the initial charge of the entire conibustion chamber will be compressed substantially in stratified form in the clearance chamber providing localization of fresh charge in the remote end of the clearance chamber when a small quantity offresh charge is admitted only for light load operation and to which ignition may be applied to provide combustion.

At the approach of the termination of the crankward or outward stroke of the piston 1.1 concluding expansion of the combustion charge, the parts will again occupy the respective positions as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, completing. one cycle of operation.

It will be understood that minor changes in the size, form and construction of the various parts of my improved engine may be made and substituted for those herein described without departing from the spirit of the invention, the scope of which is set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a removable head therefor, said head having a lateral extension in which is formed a chamber that communicates with the chamber in said cylinder, valve pages removably seated in the lateral extension of the head above and below the chamber therein, said cages having inlet ports, a pair of poppet valves arranged for operation in each of said cages and normally closing the ports therein, and mechanically actuated means for simultaneously unseating all of said poppet valves.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a removable head therefor, said head having a lateral extension in which is formed a chamber that communicates with the chamber in the cylinder, said lateral extension having a plurality of inlet ports, valve cages arranged in the lateral extension of said head above and below the chamber therein, said cages being arranged in pairs with the members of each pair in axial alinement, said cages being provided with inlet ports that communicate with the inlet ports in the lateral extension, and a pair of poppet valves arranged for operation in each cage for controlling the inward flow of gaseous fuel therethrough.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a removable head therefor, said head having a lateral extension in which is formed a chamber that communicates with the chamber in the cylinder, said lateral extension having a plurality of inlet ports, valve cages arranged in the lateral extension of said head above and below the chamber therein, said cages being arranged in pairs with the members of each pair in axial alinement, said cages being provided with inlet ports that communicate with the inlet ports in the lateral extension, a pair of poppet valves arranged for operation in each cage for controlling the inward flow of gaseous fuel therethrough, and mechanically actuated means for simultaneously unseating all of said poppet valves.

4:. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a removable head therefor, said head having a lateral extension in which is formed a chamber that communicates with the chamber in the cylinder, said lateral extension having a plurality of inlet ports, valve cages arranged in the lateral extension of said head above and below the chamber therein, said cages being arranged in pairs with the members of each pair in axial alinement, said cages being provided with inlet ports that communicate with the inlet ports in the lateral extension, a pair of poppet valves arranged for operation in each cage for controlling the inward flow of gaseous fuel therethrough, mechanically actuated means for simultaneously unseating all of said poppet valves, and ignition means seated in the lateral extension of the cylinder head and projecting into the chamber therein adjacent to said cages.

5. In a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having exhaust portsformed intermediate its ends, of a head reinovably mounted on the upper end of said cylinder, said head having a lateral extension in which is formed a chamher, a throat formed in said head and leading from the intermediate portion of said chamber to the underside of said head and communicating with the combustion chamber in the cylinder, two pairs of poppet valves arranged for operation within the extension of l the head for controlling the flow of gaseous fuel through the chamber and throat in said head, one pair of poppet valves being arranged directly above and in axial alinement with the other pair, mechanically operated 

